GSTDTAP  > 地球科学
DOI10.5194/acp-20-4059-2020
Open cells exhibit weaker entrainment of free-tropospheric biomass burning aerosol into the south-east Atlantic boundary layer
Abel, Steven J.1; Barrett, Paul A.1; Zuidema, Paquita2; Zhang, Jianhao2; Christensen, Matt3; Peers, Fanny4; Taylor, Jonathan W.5; Crawford, Ian5; Bower, Keith N.5; Flynn, Michael5
2020-04-06
发表期刊ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
ISSN1680-7316
EISSN1680-7324
出版年2020
卷号20期号:7页码:4059-4084
文章类型Article
语种英语
国家England; USA
英文摘要

This work presents synergistic satellite, airborne and surface-based observations of a pocket of open cells (POC) in the remote south-east Atlantic. The observations were obtained over and upwind of Ascension Island during the CLouds and Aerosol Radiative Impacts and Forcing (CLARIFY) and the Layered Smoke Interacting with Clouds (LASIC) field experiments. A novel aspect of this case study is that an extensive free-tropospheric biomass burning aerosol plume that had been transported from the African continent was observed to be in contact with the boundary layer inversion over the POC and the surrounding closed cellular cloud regime. The in situ measurements show marked contrasts in the boundary layer thermodynamic structure, cloud properties, precipitation and aerosol conditions between the open cells and surrounding overcast cloud field.


The data demonstrate that the overlying biomass burning aerosol was mixing down into the boundary layer in the stratocumulus cloud downwind of the POC, with elevated carbon monoxide, black carbon mass loadings and accumulation-mode aerosol concentrations measured beneath the trade-wind inversion. The stratocumulus cloud in this region was moderately polluted and exhibited very little precipitation falling below cloud base. A rapid transition to actively precipitating cumulus clouds and detrained stratiform remnants in the form of thin quiescent veil clouds was observed across the boundary into and deep within the POC. The subcloud layer in the POC was much cleaner than that in the stratocumulus region. The clouds in the POC formed within an ultra-clean layer (accumulation-mode aerosol concentrations of approximately a few cm(-3)) in the upper region of the boundary layer, which was likely to have been formed via efficient collision-coalescence and sedimentation processes. Enhanced Aitken-mode aerosol concentrations were also observed intermittently in this ultra-clean layer, suggesting that new particle formation was taking place. Across the boundary layer inversion and immediately above the ultra-clean layer, accumulation-mode aerosol concentrations were similar to 1000 cm(-3). Importantly, the air mass in the POC showed no evidence of elevated carbon monoxide over and above typical background conditions at this location and time of year. As carbon monoxide is a good tracer for biomass burning aerosol that is not readily removed by cloud processing and precipitation, it demonstrates that the open cellular convection in the POC is not able to entrain large quantities of the free-tropospheric aerosol that was sitting directly on top of the boundary layer inversion. This suggests that the structure of the mesoscale cellular convection may play an important role in regulating the transport of aerosol from the free troposphere down into the marine boundary layer.


We then develop a climatology of open cellular cloud conditions in the south-east Atlantic from 19 years of September Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra imagery. This shows that the maxima in open cell frequency (> 0.25) occurs far offshore and in a region where subsiding biomass burning aerosol plumes may often come into contact with the underlying boundary layer cloud. If the results from the observational case study applied more broadly, then the apparent low susceptibility of open cells to free-tropospheric intrusions of additional cloud condensation nuclei could have some important consequences for aerosol-cloud interactions in the region.


领域地球科学
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000524488200001
WOS关键词MESOSCALE CELLULAR STRUCTURES ; ABSORBING AEROSOLS ; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS ; DIURNAL CYCLE ; CLOUD ; IMPACT ; MODEL ; SMOKE ; PRECIPITATION ; TRANSITION
WOS类目Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS研究方向Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
引用统计
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/278734
专题地球科学
作者单位1.Met Off, Fitzroy Rd, Exeter, Devon, England;
2.Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA;
3.Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Atmospher Ocean & Planetary Phys, Oxford, England;
4.Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter, Devon, England;
5.Univ Manchester, 5Ctr Atmospher Sci, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England
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Abel, Steven J.,Barrett, Paul A.,Zuidema, Paquita,et al. Open cells exhibit weaker entrainment of free-tropospheric biomass burning aerosol into the south-east Atlantic boundary layer[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2020,20(7):4059-4084.
APA Abel, Steven J..,Barrett, Paul A..,Zuidema, Paquita.,Zhang, Jianhao.,Christensen, Matt.,...&Flynn, Michael.(2020).Open cells exhibit weaker entrainment of free-tropospheric biomass burning aerosol into the south-east Atlantic boundary layer.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,20(7),4059-4084.
MLA Abel, Steven J.,et al."Open cells exhibit weaker entrainment of free-tropospheric biomass burning aerosol into the south-east Atlantic boundary layer".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 20.7(2020):4059-4084.
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