Cascading social-ecological costs and benefits triggered by a recovering keystone predator

doi:10.1126/science.aay5342

GSTDTAP > 气候变化

DOI	10.1126/science.aay5342
	Cascading social-ecological costs and benefits triggered by a recovering keystone predator
	Edward J. Gregr; Villy Christensen; Linda Nichol; Rebecca G. Martone; Russell W. Markel; Jane C. Watson; Christopher D. G. Harley; Evgeny A. Pakhomov; Jonathan B. Shurin; Kai M. A. Chan
	2020-06-12
发表期刊	Science
出版年	2020
英文摘要	Human activities have fundamentally altered many ecosystems. Recent successful restoration efforts have led to healthier ecosystems, but this has led to a disruption in economies dependent on the altered state of the system. One of the best-known trophic cascades is the sea otter–kelp forest system, wherein recovery of once extirpated sea otters is bringing back biodiverse and healthy kelp forests but reducing the abundance of harvested shellfish. Gregr et al. looked at the costs and benefits of this shift and found that for key trade-offs, the value of kelp forest–associated features such as tourism, fin fish fisheries, and carbon capture outweighed the losses to economies (see the Perspective by Estes and Carswell). Thus, ecosystem recovery can benefit both ecosystems and economies. Science , this issue p. [1243][1]; see also p. [1178][2] Predator recovery often leads to ecosystem change that can trigger conflicts with more recently established human activities. In the eastern North Pacific, recovering sea otters are transforming coastal systems by reducing populations of benthic invertebrates and releasing kelp forests from grazing pressure. These changes threaten established shellfish fisheries and modify a variety of other ecosystem services. The diverse social and economic consequences of this trophic cascade are unknown, particularly across large regions. We developed and applied a trophic model to predict these impacts on four ecosystem services. Results suggest that sea otter presence yields 37% more total ecosystem biomass annually, increasing the value of finfish [+9.4 million Canadian dollars (CA$)], carbon sequestration (+2.2 million CA$), and ecotourism (+42.0 million CA$). To the extent that these benefits are realized, they will exceed the annual loss to invertebrate fisheries (−$7.3 million CA$). Recovery of keystone predators thus not only restores ecosystems but can also affect a range of social, economic, and ecological benefits for associated communities. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aay5342 [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abc7060
领域	气候变化 ; 资源环境
URL	查看原文
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/274470
专题	气候变化资源环境科学
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Edward J. Gregr,Villy Christensen,Linda Nichol,et al. Cascading social-ecological costs and benefits triggered by a recovering keystone predator[J]. Science,2020.
APA	Edward J. Gregr.,Villy Christensen.,Linda Nichol.,Rebecca G. Martone.,Russell W. Markel.,...&Kai M. A. Chan.(2020).Cascading social-ecological costs and benefits triggered by a recovering keystone predator.Science.
MLA	Edward J. Gregr,et al."Cascading social-ecological costs and benefits triggered by a recovering keystone predator".Science (2020).