资源环境科技发展态势分析平台

This working paper estimates the global net benefit and the benefit-cost (B-C) ratio over a 30-year time horizon (2020–50) of sustainable ocean-based investments on four ocean-based policy interventions: conserving and restoring mangrove habitats, scaling up offshore wind production, decarbonizing international shipping, and increasing the production of sustainably sourced ocean-based proteins (to ensure a healthy, balanced human diet by 2050). The results show that the overall rate of return on investments is high, with the average B-C ratio ranging between 5-to-1 and 10-to-1, and in some cases even higher. Over 30 years, investing US$1.6–$2.9 trillion globally across the four areas would generate a net benefit of $7.5–$20.1 trillion (implying a return on investment of 450–700 percent).