Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.5194/acp-20-6607-2020 |
Evaluation of Southern Ocean cloud in the HadGEM3 general circulation model and MERRA-2 reanalysis using ship-based observations | |
Kuma, Peter1; Mcdonald, Adrian J.1; Morgenstern, Olaf2; Alexander, Simon P.3; Cassano, John J.4,5; Garrett, Sally6; Halla, Jamie6; Hartery, Sean1; Harvey, Mike J.2; Parsons, Simon1; Plank, Graeme1; Varma, Vidya2; Williams, Jonny2 | |
2020-06-05 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS |
ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2020 |
卷号 | 20期号:11页码:6607-6630 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | New Zealand; Australia; USA |
英文摘要 | Southern Ocean (SO) shortwave (SW) radiation biases are a common problem in contemporary general circulation models (GCMs), with most models exhibiting a tendency to absorb too much incoming SW radiation. These biases have been attributed to deficiencies in the representation of clouds during the austral summer months, either due to cloud cover or cloud albedo being too low. The problem has been the focus of many studies, most of which utilised satellite datasets for model evaluation. We use multi-year ship-based observations and the CERES spaceborne radiation budget measurements to contrast cloud representation and SW radiation in the atmospheric component Global Atmosphere (GA) version 7.1 of the HadGEM3 GCM and the MERRA-2 reanalysis. We find that the prevailing bias is negative in GA7.1 and positive in MERRA-2. GA7.1 performs better than MERRA-2 in terms of absolute SW bias. Significant errors of up to 21 W m(-2) (GA7.1) and 39 W m(-2) (MERRA-2) are present in both models in the austral summer. Using ship-based ceilometer observations, we find low cloud below 2 km to be predominant in the Ross Sea and the Indian Ocean sectors of the SO. Utilising a novel surface lidar simulator developed for this study, derived from an existing Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) Observation Simulator Package (COSP) - active remote sensing simulator (ACTSIM) spaceborne lidar simu- lator, we find that GA7.1 and MERRA-2 both underestimate low cloud and fog occurrence relative to the ship observations on average by 4 %-9 % (GA7.1) and 18 % (MERRA-2). Based on radiosonde observations, we also find the low cloud to be strongly linked to boundary layer atmospheric stability and the sea surface temperature. GA7.1 and MERRA-2 do not represent the observed relationship between boundary layer stability and clouds well. We find that MERRA-2 has a much greater proportion of cloud liquid water in the SO in austral summer than GA7.1, a likely key contributor to the difference in the SW radiation bias. Our results suggest that subgrid-scale processes (cloud and boundary layer parameterisations) are responsible for the bias and that in GA7.1 a major part of the SW radiation bias can be explained by cloud cover underestimation, relative to underestimation of cloud albedo. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000538583100007 |
WOS关键词 | SUPERCOOLED LIQUID CLOUDS ; LARGE-SCALE METEOROLOGY ; REGIME-BASED EVALUATION ; ENERGY SYSTEM CERES ; ANTARCTIC SEA-ICE ; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS ; ERA-INTERIM ; ROSS SEA ; CLIMATOLOGY ; MISSION |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
URL | 查看原文 |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/273254 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Canterbury, Sch Phys & Chem Sci, Christchurch, New Zealand; 2.Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Wellington, New Zealand; 3.Australian Antarctic Div, Kingston, Australia; 4.Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; 5.Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; 6.New Zealand Def Force, Wellington, New Zealand |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Kuma, Peter,Mcdonald, Adrian J.,Morgenstern, Olaf,et al. Evaluation of Southern Ocean cloud in the HadGEM3 general circulation model and MERRA-2 reanalysis using ship-based observations[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2020,20(11):6607-6630. |
APA | Kuma, Peter.,Mcdonald, Adrian J..,Morgenstern, Olaf.,Alexander, Simon P..,Cassano, John J..,...&Williams, Jonny.(2020).Evaluation of Southern Ocean cloud in the HadGEM3 general circulation model and MERRA-2 reanalysis using ship-based observations.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,20(11),6607-6630. |
MLA | Kuma, Peter,et al."Evaluation of Southern Ocean cloud in the HadGEM3 general circulation model and MERRA-2 reanalysis using ship-based observations".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 20.11(2020):6607-6630. |
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