Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1130/B31931.1 |
The origin and evolution of breakouts in a cooling-limited rhyolite lava flow | |
Magnall, Nathan1; James, Mike R.1; Tuffen, Hugh1; Vye-Brown, Charlotte2; Schipper, C. Ian3; Castro, Jonathan M.4; Davies, Ashley Gerard5 | |
2019 | |
发表期刊 | GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
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ISSN | 0016-7606 |
EISSN | 1943-2674 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 131页码:137-154 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | England; Scotland; New Zealand; Germany; USA |
英文摘要 | Understanding lava flow processes is important for interpreting existing lavas and for hazard assessments. Although substantial progress has been made for basaltic lavas our understanding of silicic lava flows has seen limited recent advance. In particular, the formation of lava flow breakouts, which represent a characteristic process in cooling-limited basaltic lavas, but has not been described in established models of rhyolite emplacement. Using data from the 2011-2012 rhyolite eruption of Puyehue-CordOn Caulle, Chile, we develop the first conceptual framework to classify breakout types in silicic lavas, and to describe the processes involved in their progressive growth, inflation, and morphological change. By integrating multi-scale satellite, field, and textural data from Cordon Caulle, we interpret breakout formation to be driven by a combination of pressure increase (from local vesiculation in the lava flow core, as well as from continued supply via extended thermally preferential pathways) and a weakening of the surface crust through lateral spreading and fracturing. Small breakouts, potentially resulting more from local vesiculation than from continued magma supply, show a domed morphology, developing into petaloid as inflation increasingly fractures the surface crust. Continued growth and fracturing results in a rubbly morphology, with the most inflated breakouts developing into a cleft-split morphology, reminiscent of tumulus inflation structures seen in basalts. These distinct morphological classes result from the evolving relative contributions of continued breakout advance and inflation. The extended nature of some breakouts highlights the role of lava supply under a stationary crust, a process ubiquitous in inflating basalt lava flows that reflects the presence of thermally preferential pathways. Textural analyses of the Cordon Caulle breakouts also emphasize the importance of late-stage volatile exsolution and vesiculation within the lava flow. Although breakouts occur across the compositional spectrum of lava flows, the greater magma viscosity is likely to make late-stage vesiculation much more important for breakout development in silicic lavas than in basalts. Such late-stage vesiculation has direct implications for hazards previously recognized from silicic lava flows, enhancing the likelihood of flow front collapse, and explosive decompression of the lava core. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000454928000009 |
WOS关键词 | CORDON-CAULLE ; PAHOEHOE LAVA ; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS ; VOLCANIC CENTER ; GLASS MOUNTAIN ; OBSIDIAN FLOW ; EMPLACEMENT ; ERUPTION ; HISTORY ; BASALT |
WOS类目 | Geosciences, Multidisciplinary |
WOS研究方向 | Geology |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/24712 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England; 2.British Geol Survey, Lyell Ctr, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, Midlothian, Scotland; 3.Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Sci, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand; 4.Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Geosci, Becherweg 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; 5.CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Magnall, Nathan,James, Mike R.,Tuffen, Hugh,et al. The origin and evolution of breakouts in a cooling-limited rhyolite lava flow[J]. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN,2019,131:137-154. |
APA | Magnall, Nathan.,James, Mike R..,Tuffen, Hugh.,Vye-Brown, Charlotte.,Schipper, C. Ian.,...&Davies, Ashley Gerard.(2019).The origin and evolution of breakouts in a cooling-limited rhyolite lava flow.GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN,131,137-154. |
MLA | Magnall, Nathan,et al."The origin and evolution of breakouts in a cooling-limited rhyolite lava flow".GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN 131(2019):137-154. |
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