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DOI | 10.1130/B31682.1 |
New insight into the origin of manganese oxide ore deposits in the Appalachian Valley and Ridge of northeastern Tennessee and northern Virginia, USA | |
Carmichael, Sarah K.1; Doctor, Daniel H.2; Wilson, Crystal G.1; Feierstein, Joshua1,3; McAleer, Ryan J.2 | |
2017-09-01 | |
发表期刊 | GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN |
ISSN | 0016-7606 |
EISSN | 1943-2674 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 129 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | Manganese oxide deposits have long been observed in association with carbonates within the Appalachian Mountains, but their origin has remained enigmatic for well over a century. Ore deposits of Mn oxides from several productive sites located in eastern Tennessee and northern Virginia display morphologies that include botryoidal and branching forms, massive nodules, breccia matrix cements, and fracture fills. The primary ore minerals include hollandite, cryptomelane, and romanechite. Samples of Mn oxides from multiple localities in these regions were analyzed using electron microscopy, X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and trace and rare earth element (REE) geochemistry. The samples from eastern Tennessee have biological morphologies, contain residual biopolymers, and exhibit REE signatures that suggest the ore formation was due to supergene enrichment (likely coupled with microbial activity). In contrast, several northern Virginia ores hosted within quartz-sandstone breccias exhibit petrographic relations, mineral morphologies, and REE signatures indicating inorganic precipitation, and a likely hydrothermal origin with supergene overprinting. Nodular accumulations of Mn oxides within weathered alluvial deposits that occur close to breccia-hosted Mn deposits in Virginia show geochemical signatures that are distinct from the breccia matrices and appear to reflect remobilization of earlier-emplaced Mn and concentration within supergene traps. Based on the proximity of all of the productive ore deposits to mapped faults or other zones of deformation, we suggest that the primary source of all of the Mn may have been deep seated, and that Mn oxides with supergene and/or biological characteristics resulted from the local remobilization and concentration of this primary Mn. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000409330000008 |
WOS关键词 | YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK ; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS ; FILAMENTOUS FABRICS ; CHILHOWEE GROUP ; FOSSIL RECORD ; HOT-SPRINGS ; BLUE RIDGE ; MN-OXIDES ; ENVIRONMENTS ; CERIUM |
WOS类目 | Geosciences, Multidisciplinary |
WOS研究方向 | Geology |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/24709 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Appalachian State Univ, Dept Geol, ASU Box 32067, Boone, NC 28608 USA; 2.US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA; 3.GTA Associates, 5605 Chapel Hill Rd,Suite 112, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Carmichael, Sarah K.,Doctor, Daniel H.,Wilson, Crystal G.,et al. New insight into the origin of manganese oxide ore deposits in the Appalachian Valley and Ridge of northeastern Tennessee and northern Virginia, USA[J]. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN,2017,129. |
APA | Carmichael, Sarah K.,Doctor, Daniel H.,Wilson, Crystal G.,Feierstein, Joshua,&McAleer, Ryan J..(2017).New insight into the origin of manganese oxide ore deposits in the Appalachian Valley and Ridge of northeastern Tennessee and northern Virginia, USA.GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN,129. |
MLA | Carmichael, Sarah K.,et al."New insight into the origin of manganese oxide ore deposits in the Appalachian Valley and Ridge of northeastern Tennessee and northern Virginia, USA".GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN 129(2017). |
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