Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1289/EHP273 |
A Study of Reverse Causation: Examining the Associations of Perfluorooctanoic Acid Serum Levels with Two Outcomes | |
Dhingra, Radhika1; Winquist, Andrea1; Darrow, Lyndsey A.2; Klein, Mitchel1; Steenland, Kyle1 | |
2017-03-01 | |
发表期刊 | ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
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ISSN | 0091-6765 |
EISSN | 1552-9924 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 125期号:3 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | BACKGROUND: Impaired kidney function and earlier menopause were associated with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) serum levels in previous cross-sectional studies. Reverse causation, whereby health outcomes increase serum PFOA, may underlie these associations. OBJECTIVE: We compared measured (subject to reverse causation) versus modeled (unaffected by reverse causation) serum PFOA in association with these outcomes to examine the possible role of reverse causation in these associations. METHODS: In cross-sectional analyses, we analyzed PFOA in relation to self-reported menopause among women (n = 9,192) 30-65 years old and in relation to kidney function among adults > 20 years old (n = 29,499) in a highly exposed Mid-Ohio Valley cohort. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, a marker of kidney function) and serum PFOA concentration were measured in blood samples collected during 2005-2006. Retrospective year-specific serum PFOA estimates were modeled independently of measured PFOA based on residential history and plant emissions. Using measured and modeled PFOA in 2005 or 2006 (predictor variables), cross-sectional associations were assessed for eGFR and menopause (yes/no). We also analyzed measured PFOA (-dependent variable) in relation to the number of years since menopause. RESULTS: Menopause and eGFR were significantly associated with measured (trend tests: p = 0.013, p = 0.0005, respectively) but not with modeled serum PFOA (p = 0.50, p = 0.76, respectively). Measured PFOA levels increased for the first 7 years after menopause (trend test, p < 0.0001), providing further evidence that the observed association between measured PFOA and menopause is subject to reverse causation for this outcome. CONCLUSION: Our results support the conjecture that in previous studies, earlier menopause and reduced kidney function are the causes rather than the results of increased measured serum PFOA. These results suggest caution in using biomarkers in cross-sectional studies. |
领域 | 资源环境 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000395714400023 |
WOS关键词 | CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE ; OHIO VALLEY COMMUNITY ; C8 HEALTH PROJECT ; POLYFLUOROALKYL CHEMICALS ; NATURAL MENOPAUSE ; EXPOSURE ; POPULATION ; WOMEN ; ADULTS ; SULFONATE |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ; Toxicology |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ; Toxicology |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/24168 |
专题 | 资源环境科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Emory Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA; 2.Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Dhingra, Radhika,Winquist, Andrea,Darrow, Lyndsey A.,et al. A Study of Reverse Causation: Examining the Associations of Perfluorooctanoic Acid Serum Levels with Two Outcomes[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES,2017,125(3). |
APA | Dhingra, Radhika,Winquist, Andrea,Darrow, Lyndsey A.,Klein, Mitchel,&Steenland, Kyle.(2017).A Study of Reverse Causation: Examining the Associations of Perfluorooctanoic Acid Serum Levels with Two Outcomes.ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES,125(3). |
MLA | Dhingra, Radhika,et al."A Study of Reverse Causation: Examining the Associations of Perfluorooctanoic Acid Serum Levels with Two Outcomes".ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 125.3(2017). |
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