资源环境科技发展态势分析平台

The People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) demographic transition is unique in terms of its (i) speed, (ii) increase in the elderly dependency ratio, and (iii) the slow progress in preparing for it. Aging is progressing fast, even as the country is still developing the necessary soft and hard infrastructure to respond. In particular, addressing the challenge of developing a long-term elderly care system requires a rethink of delivery models, as well as reforms in pension and insurance systems. Infrastructure development also needs to cater to the needs of elderly citizens. This note provides possible directions to respond to the socioeconomic and fiscal impacts of aging.

Key Points

• The demographic transition in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is unique in terms of the speed of aging, rising level of the elderly dependency ratio, and limited progress in preparing for it. Aging is progressing fast, even as the country is still developing the necessary soft and hard infrastructure to respond.
• A wide range of policy options can help prepare for a greyer demographic landscape. In particular, policies to respond to the three unique characteristics include (i) recognizing the trend and preparing for rapid aging, (ii) enhancing productivity and number of the working-age population, and (iii) strengthening old age security.
• Going forward, further development efforts can be made in the following areas: elderly care system, financial and fiscal reforms, and age-friendly city.