Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1016/j.foreco.2017.08.051 |
Changing spatial patterns of stand-replacing fire in California conifer forests | |
Stevens, Jens T.1; Collins, Brandon M.2; Miller, Jay D.3; North, Malcolm P.4,5; Stephens, Scott L.1 | |
2017-12-15 | |
发表期刊 | FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT |
ISSN | 0378-1127 |
EISSN | 1872-7042 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 406 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | Stand-replacing fire has profound ecological impacts in conifer forests, yet there is continued uncertainty over how best to describe the scale of stand-replacing effects within individual fires, and how these effects are changing over time. In forests where regeneration following stand-replacing fire depends on seed dispersal from surviving trees, the size and shape of stand-replacing patches are critical metrics that are difficult to describe and often overlooked. We used a novel, recently-developed metric that describes the amount of stand-replacing area within a given distance of a live-tree patch edge, in order to compare fires that may be otherwise similar in fire size or the percentage of stand-replacing effects. Specifically, we analyzed 477 fires in California pine, fir, and mixed-conifer forests between 1984 and 2015 and asked whether this metric, the stand-replacing decay coefficient (SDC), has changed over time, whether it is affected by fire management, and how it responds to extreme weather conditions at the time of the fire. Mean annual SDC became smaller over time (significantly so in the Sierra Nevada region), indicating that stand-replacing patches became larger and more regularly shaped. The decrease in SDC was particularly pronounced in the years since 2011. While.SDC is correlated with percent high severity, it is able to distinguish fires of comparable percent high-severity but different spatial pattern, with fires managed for suppression having smaller SDC than fires managed for resource benefit. Similarly, fires managed by the US Forest Service had smaller SDC than fires managed by the National Park Service. Fire weather also played an important role, with higher maximum temperatures generally associated with smaller SDC values. SDC is useful for comparing fires because it is associated with more conventional metrics such as percent high severity, but also incorporates a measure of regeneration potential distance to surviving trees at stand-replacement patch edges which is a biological legacy that directly affects the resilience of forests to increasingly frequent and severe fire disturbances. We estimate that from 1984 to 2015, over 80,000 ha of forestland burned with stand-replacing effects greater than 120 m in from patch edges, denoting areas vulnerable to extended conifer forest loss due to dispersal limitation. Managing unplanned ignitions under less extreme weather conditions can achieve beneficial "fine-grained" effects of stand-replacing fire where regeneration limitation is less of a concern. Because SDC is a useful single metric to compare fires, we introduce a web application (stevensjt.shinyapps.io/sdc_app) to calculate SDC for any high-severity spatial layer that may be of interest. |
英文关键词 | California High-severity Mixed-conifer forests Patch dynamics Stand-replacing Wildland fire |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000416395800004 |
WOS关键词 | SIERRA-NEVADA ; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA ; SEVERITY PATTERNS ; SOUTHERN CASCADES ; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS ; WILDFIRE ; REGIMES ; USA ; CLIMATE ; MANAGEMENT |
WOS类目 | Forestry |
WOS研究方向 | Forestry |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/23533 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 2.Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Fire Res & Outreach, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA; 3.US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Reg, Fire & Aviat Management, Mcclellan, CA 95652 USA; 4.Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA; 5.US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Stevens, Jens T.,Collins, Brandon M.,Miller, Jay D.,et al. Changing spatial patterns of stand-replacing fire in California conifer forests[J]. FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT,2017,406. |
APA | Stevens, Jens T.,Collins, Brandon M.,Miller, Jay D.,North, Malcolm P.,&Stephens, Scott L..(2017).Changing spatial patterns of stand-replacing fire in California conifer forests.FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT,406. |
MLA | Stevens, Jens T.,et al."Changing spatial patterns of stand-replacing fire in California conifer forests".FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT 406(2017). |
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