Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1016/j.foreco.2018.02.043 |
Tamm review: The North-American lichen woodland | |
Payette, Serge1,2; Delwaide, Ann3 | |
2018-05-15 | |
发表期刊 | FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT |
ISSN | 0378-1127 |
EISSN | 1872-7042 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 417页码:167-183 |
文章类型 | Review |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Canada |
英文摘要 | The lichen woodland (LW) is an open-crown subarctic forest distributed principally in North America where it extends from Newfoundland in Atlantic Canada to the Yukon and Alaska. It is the main tree ecosystem of the LW zone north of the closed-crown boreal forest zone, and south of the forest-tundra zone where its cover diminishes progressively toward the Arctic tree line. Growth and development of LWs are closely dependent on dry-mesic, nutrient-poor podzolic soil environments largely distributed on the Canadian Precambrian Shield. The sun exposed open structure and dominance of lichen species on the dry-mesic soils of LWs determine many of their functions. A diversified cryptogamic flora is thriving in LWs due to reduced competition from vascular plants unable to grow and survive on dry, nutrient-poor soils. Because of the reduced greenhouse effect caused by the open structure and dominance of pale-color lichen mats inducing a greater albedo, LWs exerts a negative microclimatic impact on the environment culminating in the reduction of the frost-free growth season and increase and intensity of frost events. A suite of common, often recurrent, sometime compounding, fine- and large-scale disturbances (including climate change) activates the successional dynamics of LWs and also their historical and present expansion and contraction across the boreal biome. Post-disturbance chronosequences induced by fire, wind and caribou trampling and grazing are producing similar seral communities converging toward the self maintenance of the LW ecosystem. Long-term succession in southernmost LW sites possibly converges toward the closing of tree canopy and recovery of closed-crown conifer forests (CCCF) in absence of fire. The creation of LW occurred repeatedly during the late Holocene, as well as its extirpation from the northernmost sites (forest tundra zone) with wildfire as the principal triggering mechanism. LWs are presently unable to transgress the tree line, except for minor advances in small confined sites. Current evidence of the dual distribution of LWs and CCCF in eastern Canada shows that the LW zone is expanding southward into the CCCF zone, where compound disturbances associated with epidemics followed by small to extensive fires are transforming dense forest stands to LWs, a process most likely independent of climate. In terms of ecosystem management, there are concerns about the maintenance of the southernmost LWs within the CCCF zone as poor carbon sinks. Projects involving LW plantation sites in the CCCF zone in eastern Canada are proposed to offset the increased emission of atmospheric gases and thus mitigate climate change. |
英文关键词 | Boreal forest Cladonia Caribou Chronosequence Fire Frost Lichen Microclimate Subarctic Succession Woodland |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000430778900015 |
WOS关键词 | PINE PINUS-BANKSIANA ; SUB-ARCTIC QUEBEC ; SUCCESSIVE STAND DISTURBANCES ; LATE HOLOCENE DEFORESTATION ; BLACK SPRUCE REGENERATION ; SOIL BURN SEVERITY ; CROWN FOREST ZONE ; BOREAL-FOREST ; EASTERN CANADA ; PICEA-MARIANA |
WOS类目 | Forestry |
WOS研究方向 | Forestry |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/22854 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Laval, Dept Biol, 1045 Av Med, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada; 2.Univ Laval, Ctr Etud Nord, 1045 Av Med, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada; 3.Univ Laval, Dept Geog, 2405 Rue Terrasse, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Payette, Serge,Delwaide, Ann. Tamm review: The North-American lichen woodland[J]. FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT,2018,417:167-183. |
APA | Payette, Serge,&Delwaide, Ann.(2018).Tamm review: The North-American lichen woodland.FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT,417,167-183. |
MLA | Payette, Serge,et al."Tamm review: The North-American lichen woodland".FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT 417(2018):167-183. |
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