Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.5194/acp-18-16325-2018 |
High-spatial-resolution mapping and source apportionment of aerosol composition in Oakland, California, using mobile aerosol mass spectrometry | |
Shah, Rishabh U.1,2; Robinson, Ellis S.1,2; Gu, Peishi1,2; Robinson, Allen L.1,2; Apte, Joshua S.3; Presto, Albert A.1,2 | |
2018-11-16 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS |
ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 18期号:22页码:16325-16344 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | We investigated spatial and temporal patterns in the concentration and composition of submicron particulate matter (PM1) in Oakland, California, in the summer of 2017 using an aerosol mass spectrometer mounted in a mobile laboratory. We performed similar to 160 h of mobile sampling in the city over a 20-day period. Measurements are compared for three adjacent neighborhoods with distinct land uses: a central business district ("downtown"), a residential district ("West Oakland"), and a major shipping port ("port"). The average organic aerosol (OA) concentration is 5.3 mu gm(-3) and contributes similar to 50% of the PM1 mass. OA concentrations in downtown are, on average, 1.5 mu gm(-3) higher than in West Oakland and port. We decomposed OA into three factors using positive matrix factorization: hydrocarbonlike OA (HOA; 20% average contribution), cooking OA (COA; 25 %), and less-oxidized oxygenated OA (LO-OOA; 55 %). The collective 45% contribution from primary OA (HOA C COA) emphasizes the importance of primary emissions in Oakland. The dominant source of primary OA shifts from HOA-rich in the morning to COA-rich after lunchtime. COA in downtown is consistently higher than West Oakland and port due to a large number of restaurants. HOA exhibits variability in space and time. The morning-time HOA concentration in downtown is twice that in port, but port HOA increases more than two-fold during midday, likely because trucking activity at the port peaks at that time. While it is challenging to mathematically apportion traffic-emitted OA between drayage trucks and cars, combining measurements of OA with black carbon and CO suggests that while trucks have an important effect on OA and BC at the port, gasoline-engine cars are the dominant source of traffic emissions in the rest of Oakland. Despite the expectation of being spatially uniform, LO-OOA also exhibits spatial differences. Morning-time LO-OOA in downtown is roughly 25% (similar to 0.6 mu gm(-3)) higher than the rest of Oakland. Even as the entire domain approaches a more uniform photochemical state in the afternoon, downtown LO-OOA remains statistically higher than West Oakland and port, suggesting that downtown is a microenvironment with higher photochemical activity. Higher concentrations of particulate sulfate (also of secondary origin) with no direct sources in Oakland further reflect higher photochemical activity in downtown. A combination of several factors (poor ventilation of air masses in street canyons, higher concentrations of precursor gases, higher concentrations of the hydroxyl radical) likely results in the proposed high photochemical activity in downtown. Lastly, through Van Krevelen analysis of the elemental ratios (H / C, O / C) of the OA, we show that OA in Oakland is more chemically reduced than several other urban areas. This underscores the importance of primary emissions in Oakland. We also show that mixing of oceanic air masses with these primary emissions in Oakland is an important processing mechanism that governs the overall OA composition in Oakland. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000450277600004 |
WOS关键词 | POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION ; FINE-PARTICLE COMPOSITION ; DRAYAGE TRUCK EMISSIONS ; AGED ORGANIC AEROSOL ; ON-ROAD GASOLINE ; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION ; PARTICULATE MATTER ; DIESEL VEHICLES ; AIR-QUALITY ; METROPOLITAN-AREA |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/22809 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Carnegie Mellon Univ, Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA; 2.Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Atmospher Particle Studies, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA; 3.Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Shah, Rishabh U.,Robinson, Ellis S.,Gu, Peishi,et al. High-spatial-resolution mapping and source apportionment of aerosol composition in Oakland, California, using mobile aerosol mass spectrometry[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2018,18(22):16325-16344. |
APA | Shah, Rishabh U.,Robinson, Ellis S.,Gu, Peishi,Robinson, Allen L.,Apte, Joshua S.,&Presto, Albert A..(2018).High-spatial-resolution mapping and source apportionment of aerosol composition in Oakland, California, using mobile aerosol mass spectrometry.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,18(22),16325-16344. |
MLA | Shah, Rishabh U.,et al."High-spatial-resolution mapping and source apportionment of aerosol composition in Oakland, California, using mobile aerosol mass spectrometry".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 18.22(2018):16325-16344. |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。
修改评论