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DOI | 10.1289/EHP5139 |
Acute Methylmercury Exposure and the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 alpha Signaling Pathway under Normoxic Conditions in the Rat Brain and Astrocytes in Vitro | |
Chang, Jie1,2; Yang, Bobo1,2; Zhou, Yun1,2; Yin, Changsheng1,2,3; Liu, Tingting1,2; Qian, Hai1,2; Xing, Guangwei1,2; Wang, Suhua1,2; Li, Fang1,2; Zhang, Yubin4; Chen, Da5; Aschner, Michael6; Lu, Rongzhu1,2,7 | |
2019-12-01 | |
发表期刊 | ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES |
ISSN | 0091-6765 |
EISSN | 1552-9924 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 127期号:12 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Peoples R China; USA |
英文摘要 | BACKGROUND: As a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, methylmercury (MeHg) induces toxic effects in the nervous system, one of its main targets. However, the exact mechanisms of its neurotoxicity have not been fully elucidated. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha), a transcription factor, plays a crucial role in adaptive and cytoprotective responses in cells and is involved in cell survival, proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, glucose metabolism, erythropoiesis, and other physiological activities. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore the role of HIF-1 alpha in response to acute MeHg exposure in rat brain and primary cultured astrocytes to improve understanding of the mechanisms of MeHg-induced neurotoxicity and the development of effective neuroprotective strategies. METHODS: Primary rat astrocytes were treated with MeHg (0-10 mu M) for 0.5 h. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were assessed with a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MU) assay and a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed to assess the level of oxidative stress using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescence. HIF-l alpha, and its downstream proteins, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1), erythropoietin (EPO), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) were analyzed by means of Western blotting. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of HIF-la mRNA. Pretreatment with protein synthesis inhibitor (CHX), proteasome inhibitor (MG132), or proline hydroxylase inhibitor (DHB) were applied to explore the possible mechanisms of HIF-1 alpha inhibition by MeHg. To investigate the role of HIF-1 alpha in MeHg-induced neurotoxicity, cobalt chloride (CoCl2), 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2), small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection and adenovirus overexpression were used. Pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and vitamin E (Trolox) were used to investigate the putative role of oxidative stress in MeHg-induced alterations in HIP-1 alpha levels. The expression of HIF-1 alpha and related downstream proteins was detected in adult rat brain exposed to MeHg (0-10 mg/kg) for 0.5 h in vivo. RESULTS: MeHg caused lower cell proliferation and higher cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In comparison with the control cells, exposure to 10 mu M MeHg for 0.5 h significantly inhibited the expression of astrocytic HIF-1 alpha, and the downstream genes GLUT-1, EPO, and VEGF-A (p < 0.05), in the absence of a significant decrease in HIF-1 alpha mRNA levels. When protein synthesis was inhibited by CHX, MeHg promoted the degradation rate of HIF-1 alpha. MG132 and DHB significantly blocked the MeHg-induced decrease in HIF-1 alpha expression (p < 0.05). Overexpression of HIF-1 alpha significantly attenuated the decline in MeHg-induced cell proliferation, whereas the inhibition of HIF-1 alpha significantly increased the decline in cell proliferation (p <0.05). NAC and Trolox, two established antioxidants, reversed the MeHg-induced decline in HIF-1 alpha protein levels and the decrease in cell proliferation (p < 0.05). MeHg suppressed the expression of HIF-1 alpha and related downstream target proteins in adult rat brain. DISCUSSION: MeHg induced a significant reduction in HIF-1 alpha protein by activating proline hydroxylase (PHD) and the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in primary rat astrocytes. Additionally, ROS scavenging by antioxidants played a neuroprotective role via increasing HIF-1 alpha expression in response to MeHg toxicity. Moreover, we established that up-regulation of HIF-1 alpha might serve to mitigate the acute toxicity of MeHg in astrocytes, affording a novel therapeutic target for future exploration. |
领域 | 资源环境 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000505244800007 |
WOS关键词 | ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR ; HYDROXYLASE INHIBITOR FG-4592 ; OXIDATIVE STRESS ; INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY ; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES ; UP-REGULATION ; HIF-1-ALPHA ; EXPRESSION ; MERCURY ; HIF |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ; Toxicology |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health ; Toxicology |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/224633 |
专题 | 环境与发展全球科技态势 |
作者单位 | 1.Jiangsu Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China; 2.Jiangsu Univ, Sch Med, Publ Hlth Lab Sci, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China; 3.Jiangsu Univ, Inst Life Sci, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, Peoples R China; 4.Fudan Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat Hlth & Toxicol, Shanghai, Peoples R China; 5.Jinan Univ, Sch Environm, Guangdong Key Lab Environm Pollut & Hlth, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China; 6.Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Mol Pharmacol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA; 7.Jiangsu Univ, Kunshan Hosp, Ctr Expt Res, Kunshan, Peoples R China |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Chang, Jie,Yang, Bobo,Zhou, Yun,et al. Acute Methylmercury Exposure and the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 alpha Signaling Pathway under Normoxic Conditions in the Rat Brain and Astrocytes in Vitro[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES,2019,127(12). |
APA | Chang, Jie.,Yang, Bobo.,Zhou, Yun.,Yin, Changsheng.,Liu, Tingting.,...&Lu, Rongzhu.(2019).Acute Methylmercury Exposure and the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 alpha Signaling Pathway under Normoxic Conditions in the Rat Brain and Astrocytes in Vitro.ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES,127(12). |
MLA | Chang, Jie,et al."Acute Methylmercury Exposure and the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 alpha Signaling Pathway under Normoxic Conditions in the Rat Brain and Astrocytes in Vitro".ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 127.12(2019). |
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