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DOI | 10.1038/nature25967 |
A separated vortex ring underlies the flight of the dandelion | |
Cummins, Cathal1,2,3; Seale, Madeleine2,3,4; Macente, Alice2,4,5; Certini, Daniele1; Mastropaolo, Enrico4; Viola, Ignazio Maria1; Nakayama, Naomi2,3,6 | |
2018-10-18 | |
发表期刊 | NATURE |
ISSN | 0028-0836 |
EISSN | 1476-4687 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 562期号:7727页码:414-+ |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Scotland |
英文摘要 | Wind-dispersed plants have evolved ingenious ways to lift their seeds(1,2). The common dandelion uses a bundle of drag-enhancing bristles (the pappus) that helps to keep their seeds aloft. This passive flight mechanism is highly effective, enabling seed dispersal over formidable distances(3,4); however, the physics underpinning pappus-mediated flight remains unresolved. Here we visualized the flow around dandelion seeds, uncovering an extraordinary type of vortex. This vortex is a ring of recirculating fluid, which is detached owing to the flow passing through the pappus. We hypothesized that the circular disk-like geometry and the porosity of the pappus are the key design features that enable the formation of the separated vortex ring. The porosity gradient was surveyed using microfabricated disks, and a disk with a similar porosity was found to be able to recapitulate the flow behaviour of the pappus. The porosity of the dandelion pappus appears to be tuned precisely to stabilize the vortex, while maximizing aerodynamic loading and minimizing material requirements. The discovery of the separated vortex ring provides evidence of the existence of a new class of fluid behaviour around fluid-immersed bodies that may underlie locomotion, weight reduction and particle retention in biological and manmade structures. |
领域 | 地球科学 ; 气候变化 ; 资源环境 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000447807100059 |
WOS关键词 | DISTANCE SEED DISPERSAL ; REYNOLDS-NUMBER FLOW ; STEADY WINDS ; PLUMED SEEDS ; AERODYNAMICS ; MECHANISMS ; CONVECTION ; ASTERACEAE ; BODIES ; IMAGE |
WOS类目 | Multidisciplinary Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Science & Technology - Other Topics |
URL | 查看原文 |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/202873 |
专题 | 地球科学 资源环境科学 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Edinburgh, Inst Energy Syst, Sch Engn, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; 2.Univ Edinburgh, Inst Mol Plant Sci, Sch Biol Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; 3.Univ Edinburgh, SynthSys Ctr Syst & Synthet Biol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; 4.Univ Edinburgh, Inst Integrated Micro & Nano Syst, Sch Engn, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland; 5.Univ Glasgow, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland; 6.Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Sci Extreme Condit, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Cummins, Cathal,Seale, Madeleine,Macente, Alice,et al. A separated vortex ring underlies the flight of the dandelion[J]. NATURE,2018,562(7727):414-+. |
APA | Cummins, Cathal.,Seale, Madeleine.,Macente, Alice.,Certini, Daniele.,Mastropaolo, Enrico.,...&Nakayama, Naomi.(2018).A separated vortex ring underlies the flight of the dandelion.NATURE,562(7727),414-+. |
MLA | Cummins, Cathal,et al."A separated vortex ring underlies the flight of the dandelion".NATURE 562.7727(2018):414-+. |
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