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DOI | 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0023.1 |
How Well Are Clouds Simulated over Greenland in Climate Models? Consequences for the Surface Cloud Radiative Effect over the Ice Sheet | |
Lacour, A.1; Chepfer, H.1; Miller, N. B.2,3; Shupe, M. D.2,3; Noel, V.4; Fettweis, X.5; Gallee, H.6; Kay, J. E.2; Guzman, R.7; Cole, J.8 | |
2018-11-01 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF CLIMATE |
ISSN | 0894-8755 |
EISSN | 1520-0442 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 31期号:22页码:9293-9312 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | France; USA; Belgium; Canada |
英文摘要 | Using lidar and radiative flux observations from space and ground, and a lidar simulator, we evaluate clouds simulated by climate models over the Greenland ice sheet, including predicted cloud cover, cloud fraction profile, cloud opacity, and surface cloud radiative effects. The representation of clouds over Greenland is a central concern for the models because clouds impact ice sheet surface melt. We find that over Greenland, most of the models have insufficient cloud cover during summer. In addition, all models create too few nonopaque, liquid-containing clouds optically thin enough to let direct solar radiation reach the surface (-1% to -3.5% at the ground level). Some models create too few opaque clouds. In most climate models, the cloud properties biases identified over all Greenland also apply at Summit, Greenland, proving the value of the ground observatory in model evaluation. At Summit, climate models underestimate cloud radiative effect (CRE) at the surface, especially in summer. The primary driver of the summer CRE biases compared to observations is the underestimation of the cloud cover in summer (-46% to -21%), which leads to an underestimated longwave radiative warming effect (CRELW = -35.7 to -13.6 W m(-2) compared to the ground observations) and an underestimated shortwave cooling effect (CRESW = +1.5 to +10.5 W m(-2) compared to the ground observations). Overall, the simulated clouds do not radiatively warm the surface as much as observed. |
英文关键词 | Atmosphere Ice sheets Cloud forcing Clouds Snowmelt icemelt General circulation models |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000448510200001 |
WOS关键词 | EARTH SYSTEM MODEL ; MELT EXTENT ; PROJECT ; RUNOFF ; DESIGN ; BUDGET ; COVER ; PHASE ; CMIP5 |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/19824 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Lab Meteorol Dynam, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace Ecole Polytech, Palaiseau, France; 2.Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; 3.NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA; 4.CNRS INSU, Lab Aerol, Toulouse, France; 5.Univ Liege, Dept Geog, Liege, Belgium; 6.Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, Grenoble, France; 7.Inst Pierre Simon Laplace Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Meteorol Dynam, Palaiseau, France; 8.Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal Environm &, Victoria, BC, Canada |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Lacour, A.,Chepfer, H.,Miller, N. B.,et al. How Well Are Clouds Simulated over Greenland in Climate Models? Consequences for the Surface Cloud Radiative Effect over the Ice Sheet[J]. JOURNAL OF CLIMATE,2018,31(22):9293-9312. |
APA | Lacour, A..,Chepfer, H..,Miller, N. B..,Shupe, M. D..,Noel, V..,...&Cole, J..(2018).How Well Are Clouds Simulated over Greenland in Climate Models? Consequences for the Surface Cloud Radiative Effect over the Ice Sheet.JOURNAL OF CLIMATE,31(22),9293-9312. |
MLA | Lacour, A.,et al."How Well Are Clouds Simulated over Greenland in Climate Models? Consequences for the Surface Cloud Radiative Effect over the Ice Sheet".JOURNAL OF CLIMATE 31.22(2018):9293-9312. |
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