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DOI | 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0562.1 |
Evolution of Winter Temperature in Toronto, Ontario, Canada: A Case Study of Winters 2013/14 and 2014/15 | |
Anderson, Conor I.; Gough, William A. | |
2017-07-01 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
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ISSN | 0894-8755 |
EISSN | 1520-0442 |
出版年 | 2017 |
卷号 | 30期号:14 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Canada |
英文摘要 | Globally, 2014 and 2015 were the two warmest years on record. At odds with these global records, eastern Canada experienced pronounced annual cold anomalies in both 2014 and 2015, especially during the 2013/14 and 2014/15 winters. This study sought to contextualize these cold winters within a larger climate context in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Toronto winter temperatures (maximum T-max, minimum T-min, andmean T-mean) for the 2013/14 and 2014/15 seasons were ranked among all winters for three periods: 1840/41-2015 (175 winters), 1955/56-2015 (60 winters), and 1985/86-2015 (30 winters), and the average warming trend for each temperature metric during these three periods was analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test and Thiel-Sen slope estimation. The winters of 2013/14 and 2014/15 were the 34th and 36th coldest winters in Toronto since record-keeping began in 1840; however these events are much rarer, relatively, over shorter periods of history. Overall, Toronto winter temperatures have warmed considerably since winter 1840/41. The Mann-Kendall analysis showed statistically significant monotonic trends in winter T-max, T-min, and T-mean over the last 175 and 60 years. These trends notwithstanding, there has been no clear signal in Toronto winter temperature since 1985/86. However, there was a statistically significant increase in the diurnal temperature range in that period, indicating an expansion of winter extremes. It is proposed that the possible saturation of urban heat island-related warming in Toronto may partially explain this increase in variation. Also, anomalies in the position of the polar jet stream over Toronto during these cold events are identified. No direct influence of major teleconnections on Toronto winter temperature is found. |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000404018600013 |
WOS关键词 | WEATHER |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/19559 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Scarborough, ON, Canada |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Anderson, Conor I.,Gough, William A.. Evolution of Winter Temperature in Toronto, Ontario, Canada: A Case Study of Winters 2013/14 and 2014/15[J]. JOURNAL OF CLIMATE,2017,30(14). |
APA | Anderson, Conor I.,&Gough, William A..(2017).Evolution of Winter Temperature in Toronto, Ontario, Canada: A Case Study of Winters 2013/14 and 2014/15.JOURNAL OF CLIMATE,30(14). |
MLA | Anderson, Conor I.,et al."Evolution of Winter Temperature in Toronto, Ontario, Canada: A Case Study of Winters 2013/14 and 2014/15".JOURNAL OF CLIMATE 30.14(2017). |
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