GSTDTAP  > 地球科学
DOI10.1175/JAS-D-18-0200.1
The Effect of Turbulence on the Accretional Growth of Graupel
Jost, Alexander1; Szakall, Miklos1; Diehl, Karoline1; Mitra, Subir Kumar2; Hundertmark, Anna3; Klug, Birte Salome1; Borrmann, Stephan1,2
2019-10-01
发表期刊JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
ISSN0022-4928
EISSN1520-0469
出版年2019
卷号76期号:10页码:3047-3061
文章类型Article
语种英语
国家Germany
英文摘要

Wind tunnel experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of turbulence on the collection kernel of graupel. The collection kernel defines the growth rate of a graupel accreting supercooled droplets as it falls through a cloud. The ambient conditions were similar to those occurring typically in the mixed-phase zone of convective clouds, that is, at temperatures between -7 degrees and -16 degrees C and with liquid water contents from 0.5 to 1.3 g m(-3). Tethered spherical collectors with radii between 220 and 340 mu m were exposed in a flow carrying supercooled droplets with a mean volume radius of 10 mu m. The vertical root-mean-square fluctuation velocity, the dissipation rate, and the Taylor-microscale Reynolds number of the turbulent flow were determined as u(rms) = 0.13 m s(-1), epsilon = 0.13 m(2) s(-3), and R-lambda = 48, respectively. The collection kernels of tethered graupel grown under laminar and turbulent conditions revealed no measurable difference, indicating that turbulence has no effect on the growth of graupel in the investigated size range. A comparison of laminar collection kernels to theoretically calculated values from a continuous growth model showed that graupel growth is strongly dominated by the fast increase of the radius due to the accretion of rime ice with low density. It is assumed that, compared to a water drop growing by collision and coalescence, this causes a fast increase in the swept volume overcompensating all other effects such as the self-induced stochastic movements due to surface roughness and latent heat release, as well as the possible influence of the flow's small-scale turbulence.


英文关键词Turbulence Convective clouds Hail Precipitation Ice particles Small scale processes
领域地球科学
收录类别SCI-E
WOS记录号WOS:000485870500001
WOS关键词WIND-TUNNEL ; COLLISION ; ICE ; PARTICLES ; VELOCITY ; DROPS ; COLLECTION ; RAINDROPS ; DROPLETS
WOS类目Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS研究方向Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
引用统计
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/187462
专题地球科学
作者单位1.Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Atmospher Phys, Mainz, Germany;
2.Max Planck Inst Chem, Particle Chem Dept, Mainz, Germany;
3.Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Math, Mainz, Germany
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GB/T 7714
Jost, Alexander,Szakall, Miklos,Diehl, Karoline,et al. The Effect of Turbulence on the Accretional Growth of Graupel[J]. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,2019,76(10):3047-3061.
APA Jost, Alexander.,Szakall, Miklos.,Diehl, Karoline.,Mitra, Subir Kumar.,Hundertmark, Anna.,...&Borrmann, Stephan.(2019).The Effect of Turbulence on the Accretional Growth of Graupel.JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,76(10),3047-3061.
MLA Jost, Alexander,et al."The Effect of Turbulence on the Accretional Growth of Graupel".JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 76.10(2019):3047-3061.
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