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DOI | 10.1029/2019GL083989 |
Weak Near-Field Behavior of a Tsunami Earthquake: Toward Real-Time Identification for Local Warning | |
Sahakian, V. J.1; Melgar, D.1; Muzli, M.2,3 | |
2019-08-28 | |
发表期刊 | GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
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ISSN | 0094-8276 |
EISSN | 1944-8007 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 46期号:16页码:9519-9528 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA; Singapore; Indonesia |
英文摘要 | Tsunami earthquakes produce some of the most devastating tsunamis. These rare events have comparatively modest magnitudes but rupture the shallowest portion of a subduction zone megathrust with exceptionally large seafloor displacements. Previous teleseismic observations found that they radiate seismic waves weakly. They should therefore not be strongly felt in the near field, but to date no near-source seismic recordings of these events exist that confirm this. Here we analyze near-field records of a tsunami earthquake, the 2010 M7.7 Mentawai, Indonesia event, which show remarkably weak shaking. This is strong evidence that this earthquake does indeed have a weakly radiating or inefficient source process, in spite of its large slip. Finally, we find that, when combined with near-source Global Navigation Satellite System displacement recordings it is possible to correctly characterize tsunami earthquakes in real-time and to provide local tsunami warning which is currently out of reach today for monitoring agencies. Plain Language Summary This study looked at seismometer and GPS data near a tsunami earthquake-a moderate-sized earthquake that produced a very large tsunami for its size. We found that the seismic data infers the earthquake is small, but the GPS data are more in line with the size that the earthquake actually is. This fits with our hypothesis that tsunami earthquakes happen in the really shallow Earth near the seafloor, and break soft rock-so they do not create strong shaking (which is why the seismic data think the earthquake is small), but they do still deform the nearby coastline (why the GPS think the earthquake is more normal). The fact that it breaks the seafloor is why it produces such a large tsunami. This means that we can use "near-field" seismic and GPS data together to discriminate events as a tsunami earthquake or not by the time they have ruptured, thus allowing us to issue local tsunami warnings for the earthquake-something current algorithms cannot do. |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000490966700025 |
WOS关键词 | SEISMIC SITE CONDITIONS ; SUBDUCTION ZONE ; JOINT INVERSION ; RUPTURE PROCESS ; GROUND MOTION ; GPS ; SCIENCE ; EVENT ; PROXY |
WOS类目 | Geosciences, Multidisciplinary |
WOS研究方向 | Geology |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/186235 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Oregon, Dept Earth Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA; 2.Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 3.Agcy Meteorol Climatol & Geophys, Jakarta, Indonesia |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Sahakian, V. J.,Melgar, D.,Muzli, M.. Weak Near-Field Behavior of a Tsunami Earthquake: Toward Real-Time Identification for Local Warning[J]. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,2019,46(16):9519-9528. |
APA | Sahakian, V. J.,Melgar, D.,&Muzli, M..(2019).Weak Near-Field Behavior of a Tsunami Earthquake: Toward Real-Time Identification for Local Warning.GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,46(16),9519-9528. |
MLA | Sahakian, V. J.,et al."Weak Near-Field Behavior of a Tsunami Earthquake: Toward Real-Time Identification for Local Warning".GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 46.16(2019):9519-9528. |
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