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DOI | 10.1029/2019GL083148 |
Dynamic Wedge Failure and Along-Arc Variations of Tsunamigenesis in the Japan Trench Margin | |
Ma, Shuo; Nie, Shiying | |
2019-08-16 | |
发表期刊 | GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
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ISSN | 0094-8276 |
EISSN | 1944-8007 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 46期号:15页码:8782-8790 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | Elastic dislocation models require large near-trench slip to explain large tsunamigenesis, which is probably best exemplified in the 2011 M9 Tohoku earthquake. However, it is puzzling that the largest Tohoku tsunami heights occurred about 100 km north of the largest slip zone, where bathymetric surveys indicate no large slip at the trench or submarine landslides. Here we show that coseismic yielding of plentiful sediments in the northern Japan Trench margin can induce large inelastic uplift landward from the trench and diminish slip near the trench. The scarcity of sediments in the south leads to nearly elastic response with large slip at the trench and mostly horizontal seafloor displacement. Thus, the variations of sediments along the Japan Trench and sediment yielding can explain the puzzling variations of tsunamigenesis and near-trench slip in this earthquake. Inelastic wedge deformation can be an important mechanism of tsunamigenesis in accretionary and other sediment-filled plate margins. Plain Language Summary The general consensus about the devastating 2011 Tohoku tsunami is that it was due to large slip at the trench. This can be somewhat misleading because the largest tsunami heights occurred about 100 km north of where the largest trench slip occurred. Using elastic dislocation theory, inversions of tsunami data require large trench slip similar to 30 m in the north (north of 39 degrees N). However, the bathymetry data before and after the earthquake suggest no large trench slip or submarine landslides in the north. Here we present a mechanism that involves the yielding of sediments in the overriding wedge. Our inelastic wedge deformation model can explain the puzzling observations of large tsunami heights along the Sanriku coast in the north with no or small trench slip and small tsunami in the south with large trench slip. The amount of sediments in a subduction margin can be very important in evaluating tsunami hazard. |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000483812500021 |
WOS关键词 | SUBDUCTION ZONE EARTHQUAKES ; FAULT DEFORMATION PATTERNS ; STRIKE-SLIP EARTHQUAKES ; 2011 TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE ; SHALLOW SLIP ; RUPTURE SIMULATIONS ; SURFACE SLIP ; DISPLACEMENT ; GENERATION ; DEFICIT |
WOS类目 | Geosciences, Multidisciplinary |
WOS研究方向 | Geology |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/186027 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | San Diego State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Ma, Shuo,Nie, Shiying. Dynamic Wedge Failure and Along-Arc Variations of Tsunamigenesis in the Japan Trench Margin[J]. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,2019,46(15):8782-8790. |
APA | Ma, Shuo,&Nie, Shiying.(2019).Dynamic Wedge Failure and Along-Arc Variations of Tsunamigenesis in the Japan Trench Margin.GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,46(15),8782-8790. |
MLA | Ma, Shuo,et al."Dynamic Wedge Failure and Along-Arc Variations of Tsunamigenesis in the Japan Trench Margin".GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 46.15(2019):8782-8790. |
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