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DOI | 10.1029/2018JD029907 |
Intracloud Lightning Flashes Initiated at High Altitudes and Dominated by Downward Positive Leaders | |
Wu, Ting; Wang, Daohong; Takagi, Nobuyuki | |
2019-07-16 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES |
ISSN | 2169-897X |
EISSN | 2169-8996 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 124期号:13页码:6982-6998 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Japan |
英文摘要 | Intracloud (IC) lightning flashes are normally initiated below 10 km and start with upward negative leaders. In this paper, we report a special type of IC flash called downward positive IC (+IC) flash which is initiated at high altitudes (mainly above 12 km) and whose initial negative leaders do not propagate upward. Three-dimensional location results of three downward +IC flashes are described in detail. It is demonstrated that downward +IC flashes start with positive leaders propagating downward with speeds on the order of 10(4) m/s and negative leaders propagating horizontally for only a short distance. Downward +IC flashes are produced in thunderstorms with deep convective updrafts (radar echoes of cloud tops typically higher than 14 km). The charge structure responsible for downward +IC flashes is inferred to be a positive dipole including a negative charge region at a normal altitude (near the -10 degrees C isotherm) and an upper positive charge region at a relatively high altitude (usually above the -50 degrees C isotherm), with downward +IC flashes likely initiated from the upper positive charge region. Further, lightning flashes in a thunderstorm producing a large number of downward +IC flashes are analyzed. Results show that normal IC flashes in this thunderstorm are also initiated at altitudes closer to the upper positive charge region and usually consist of downward positive leaders propagating for longer distances than upward negative leaders. Based on these results, we propose a relationship between the altitude of the upper positive charge region and initiation locations of IC flashes. Plain Language Summary Intracloud (IC) lightning flashes are normally initiated below 10 km. In this paper, we report a special type of IC flash called the downward positive IC (+IC) flash which is initiated at high altitudes (mainly above 12 km). The structure of downward +IC flashes is distinctly different from that of normal IC flashes. Downward +IC flashes are produced in vigorous thunderstorms with cloud tops higher than 14 km. However, downward +IC flashes tend to produce weak radiation in radio frequencies, rendering them difficult to detect. This may be the reason that downward +IC flashes have never been reported before. |
英文关键词 | intracloud lightning initial leader initiation altitude |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000477580200021 |
WOS关键词 | PRELIMINARY BREAKDOWN ; PULSES ; RADAR ; THUNDERSTORMS ; SUPERCELL ; EVOLUTION ; MULTICELL |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/185131 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | Gifu Univ, Dept Elect Elect & Comp Engn, Gifu, Japan |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Wu, Ting,Wang, Daohong,Takagi, Nobuyuki. Intracloud Lightning Flashes Initiated at High Altitudes and Dominated by Downward Positive Leaders[J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES,2019,124(13):6982-6998. |
APA | Wu, Ting,Wang, Daohong,&Takagi, Nobuyuki.(2019).Intracloud Lightning Flashes Initiated at High Altitudes and Dominated by Downward Positive Leaders.JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES,124(13),6982-6998. |
MLA | Wu, Ting,et al."Intracloud Lightning Flashes Initiated at High Altitudes and Dominated by Downward Positive Leaders".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 124.13(2019):6982-6998. |
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