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DOI | 10.1175/JAS-D-18-0329.1 |
The Influence of Gravity Waves on the Slope of the Kinetic Energy Spectrum in Simulations of Idealized Midlatitude Cyclones | |
Menchaca, Maximo Q.; Durran, Dale R. | |
2019-07-01 | |
发表期刊 | JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES |
ISSN | 0022-4928 |
EISSN | 1520-0469 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 76期号:7页码:2103-2122 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA |
英文摘要 | The influence of gravity waves generated by surface stress and by topography on the atmospheric kinetic energy (KE) spectrum is examined using idealized simulations of a cyclone growing in baroclinically unstable shear flow. Even in the absence of topography, surface stress greatly enhances the generation of gravity waves in the vicinity of the cold front, and vertical energy fluxes associated with these waves produce a pronounced shallowing of the KE spectrum at mesoscale wavelengths relative to the corresponding free-slip case. The impact of a single isolated ridge is, however, much more pronounced than that of surface stress. When the mountain waves are well developed, they produce a wavenumber to the -5/3 spectrum in the lower stratosphere over a broad range of mesoscale wavelengths. In the midtroposphere, a smaller range of wavelengths also exhibits a -5/3 spectrum. When the mountain is 500 m high, the waves do not break, and their KE is entirely associated with the divergent component of the velocity field, which is almost constant with height. When the mountain is 2 km high, wave breaking creates potential vorticity, and the rotational component of the KE spectrum is also strongly energized by the waves. Analysis of the spectral KE budgets shows that the actual spectrum is the result of continually shifting balances of direct forcing from vertical energy flux divergence, conservative advective transport, and buoyancy flux. Nevertheless, there is one interesting example where the -5/3-sloped lower-stratospheric energy spectrum appears to be associated with a gravity-wave-induced upscale inertial cascade. |
英文关键词 | Gravity waves Mountain waves Topographic effects Boundary layer Kinetic energy Spectral analysis models distribution |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000473637600002 |
WOS关键词 | MESOSCALE VARIABILITY ; MOUNTAIN WAVES ; PART I ; FLUXES ; WIND |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/184746 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Menchaca, Maximo Q.,Durran, Dale R.. The Influence of Gravity Waves on the Slope of the Kinetic Energy Spectrum in Simulations of Idealized Midlatitude Cyclones[J]. JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,2019,76(7):2103-2122. |
APA | Menchaca, Maximo Q.,&Durran, Dale R..(2019).The Influence of Gravity Waves on the Slope of the Kinetic Energy Spectrum in Simulations of Idealized Midlatitude Cyclones.JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,76(7),2103-2122. |
MLA | Menchaca, Maximo Q.,et al."The Influence of Gravity Waves on the Slope of the Kinetic Energy Spectrum in Simulations of Idealized Midlatitude Cyclones".JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 76.7(2019):2103-2122. |
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