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DOI | 10.1007/s00382-018-4486-7 |
How Gulf-Stream SST-fronts influence Atlantic winter storms: Results from a downscaling experiment with HARMONIE to the role of modified latent heat fluxes and low-level baroclinicity | |
de Vries, Hylke1; Scher, Sebastian2,3; Haarsma, Rein1; Drijfhout, Sybren1,4; van Delden, Aarnout5 | |
2019-05-01 | |
发表期刊 | CLIMATE DYNAMICS
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ISSN | 0930-7575 |
EISSN | 1432-0894 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 52页码:5899-5909 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Netherlands; Sweden; England |
英文摘要 | The strong horizontal gradients in sea surface temperature (SST) of the Atlantic Gulf Stream exert a detectable influence on extratropical cyclones propagating across the region. This is shown in a sensitivity experiment where 24 winter storms taken from ERA-Interim are simulated with HARMONIE at 10-km resolution. Each storm is simulated twice. First, using observed SST (REF). In the second simulation a smoothed SST is offered (SMTH), while lateral and upper-level boundary conditions are unmodified. Each storm pair propagates approximately along the same track, however their intensities (as measured by maximal near-surface wind speed or 850-hPa relative vorticity) differ up to +/- 25%. A 30-member ensemble created for one of the storms shows that on a single-storm level the response is systematic rather than random. To explain the broad response in storm strength, we show that the SST-adjustment modifies two environmental parameters: surface latent heat flux (LHF) and low-level baroclinicity (B). LHF influences storms by modifying diabatic heating and boundary-layer processes such as vertical mixing. The position of each storm's track relative to the SST-front is important. South of the SST-front the smoothing leads to lower SST, reduced LHF and storms with generally weaker maximum near-surface winds. North of the SST-front the increased LHF tend to enhance the winds, but the accompanying changes in baroclinicity are not necessarily favourable. Together these mechanisms explain up to 80% of the variability in the near-surface maximal wind speed change. Because the mechanisms are less effective in explaining more dynamics-oriented indicators like 850 hPa relative vorticity, we hypothesise that part of the wind-speed change is related to adjustment of the boundary-layer processes in response to the LHF and B changes. |
英文关键词 | Atlantic winter storms Gulf Stream SST-fronts |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000465441400046 |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/182622 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, De Bilt, Netherlands; 2.Stockholm Univ, Meteorol Inst, Stockholm, Sweden; 3.Stockholm Univ, Bolin Ctr Climate Res, Stockholm, Sweden; 4.Univ Southampton, Southampton, Hants, England; 5.Univ Utrecht, IMAU, Utrecht, Netherlands |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | de Vries, Hylke,Scher, Sebastian,Haarsma, Rein,et al. How Gulf-Stream SST-fronts influence Atlantic winter storms: Results from a downscaling experiment with HARMONIE to the role of modified latent heat fluxes and low-level baroclinicity[J]. CLIMATE DYNAMICS,2019,52:5899-5909. |
APA | de Vries, Hylke,Scher, Sebastian,Haarsma, Rein,Drijfhout, Sybren,&van Delden, Aarnout.(2019).How Gulf-Stream SST-fronts influence Atlantic winter storms: Results from a downscaling experiment with HARMONIE to the role of modified latent heat fluxes and low-level baroclinicity.CLIMATE DYNAMICS,52,5899-5909. |
MLA | de Vries, Hylke,et al."How Gulf-Stream SST-fronts influence Atlantic winter storms: Results from a downscaling experiment with HARMONIE to the role of modified latent heat fluxes and low-level baroclinicity".CLIMATE DYNAMICS 52(2019):5899-5909. |
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