Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.5194/acp-19-5661-2019 |
Global tropopause altitudes in radiosondes and reanalyses | |
Xian, Tao1,2; Homeyer, Cameron R.1 | |
2019-04-30 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS |
ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 19期号:8页码:5661-5678 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | USA; Peoples R China |
英文摘要 | Accurate depictions of the tropopause and its changes are important for studies on stratosphere-troposphere exchange and climate change. Here, the fidelity of primary lapse-rate tropopause altitudes and double tropopause frequencies in four modern reanalyses (ERA-Interim, JRA-55, MERRA-2, and CFSR) is examined using global radiosonde observations. In addition, long-term trends (1981-2015) in these tropopause properties are diagnosed in both the reanalyses and radiosondes. It is found that reanalyses reproduce observed tropopause altitudes with little bias (typically less than +/- 150 m) and error comparable to the model vertical resolution. All reanalyses underestimate the double tropopause frequency (up to 30% lower than observed), with the largest biases found in JRA-55 and the smallest in CFSR. The underestimates in double tropopause frequency are primarily attributable to the coarse vertical resolution of the reanalyses. Significant increasing trends in both tropopause altitude (40-120 m per decade) and double tropopause frequency (>= 3% per decade) were found in both the radiosonde observations and the reanalyses over the 35-year analysis period (1981-2015). ERA-Interim, JRA-55, and MERRA-2 broadly reproduce the patterns and signs of observed significant trends, while CFSR is inconsistent with the remaining datasets. Trends were diagnosed in both the native Eulerian coordinate system of the reanalyses (fixed longitude and latitude) and in a coordinate system where latitude is defined relative to the mean latitude of the tropopause break (the discontinuity in tropopause altitude between the tropics and extratropics) in each hemisphere. The coordinate relative to the tropopause break facilitates the evaluation of tropopause behavior within the tropical and extratropical reservoirs and revealed significant differences in trend estimates compared to the traditional Eulerian analysis. Notably, increasing tropopause altitude trends were found to be of greater magnitude in coordinates relative to the tropopause break, and increasing double tropopause frequency trends were found to occur primarily poleward of the tropopause break in each hemisphere. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000466564900005 |
WOS关键词 | TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE ; PENETRATING CONVECTION ; RESIDUAL CIRCULATION ; OZONE ; STRATOSPHERE ; CLIMATOLOGY ; VARIABILITY ; EXCHANGE ; JETS ; ASSIMILATION |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/182545 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA; 2.Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Xian, Tao,Homeyer, Cameron R.. Global tropopause altitudes in radiosondes and reanalyses[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2019,19(8):5661-5678. |
APA | Xian, Tao,&Homeyer, Cameron R..(2019).Global tropopause altitudes in radiosondes and reanalyses.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,19(8),5661-5678. |
MLA | Xian, Tao,et al."Global tropopause altitudes in radiosondes and reanalyses".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 19.8(2019):5661-5678. |
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