Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.5194/acp-19-4211-2019 |
The EMEP Intensive Measurement Period campaign, 2008-2009: characterizing carbonaceous aerosol at nine rural sites in Europe | |
Yttri, Karl Espen1; Simpson, David2,3; Bergstrom, Robert3,4; Kiss, Gyula5; Szidat, Sonke6,7; Ceburnis, Darius8,9; Eckhardt, Sabine1; Hueglin, Christoph10; Nojgaard, Jacob Kleno11; Perrino, Cinzia12; Pisso, Ignazio1; Prevot, Andre Stephan Henry13; Putaud, Jean-Philippe14; Spindler, Gerald15; Vana, Milan16; Zhang, Yan-Lin13; Aas, Wenche1 | |
2019-04-03 | |
发表期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS |
ISSN | 1680-7316 |
EISSN | 1680-7324 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 19期号:7页码:4211-4233 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Norway; Sweden; Hungary; Switzerland; Ireland; Denmark; Italy; Germany; Czech Republic |
英文摘要 | Carbonaceous aerosol (total carbon, TCp) was source apportioned at nine European rural background sites, as part of the European Measurement and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) Intensive Measurement Periods in fall 2008 and winter/spring 2009. Five predefined fractions were apportioned based on ambient measurements: elemental and organic carbon, from combustion of biomass (ECbb and OCbb) and from fossil-fuel (ECff and OCff) sources, and remaining non-fossil organic carbon (OCrnf), dominated by natural sources. OCrnf made a larger contribution to TCp than anthropogenic sources (ECbb, OCbb, ECff, and OCff) at four out of nine sites in fall, reflecting the vegetative season, whereas anthropogenic sources dominated at all but one site in winter/spring. Biomass burning (OCbb + ECbb) was the major anthropogenic source at the central European sites in fall, whereas fossil-fuel (OCff + ECff) sources dominated at the southernmost and the two northernmost sites. Residential wood burning emissions explained 30 %-50 % of TCp at most sites in the first week of sampling in fall, showing that this source can be the dominant one, even outside the heating season. In winter/spring, biomass burning was the major anthropogenic source at all but two sites, reflecting increased residential wood burning emissions in the heating season. Fossil-fuel sources dominated EC at all sites in fall, whereas there was a shift towards biomass burning for the southernmost sites in winter/spring. Model calculations based on base-case emissions (mainly officially reported national emissions) strongly underpredicted observational derived levels of OCbb and ECbb outside Scandinavia. Emissions based on a consistent bottom-up inventory for residential wood burning (and including intermediate volatility compounds, IVOCs) improved model results compared to the base-case emissions, but modeled levels were still substantially underestimated compared to observational derived OCbb and ECbb levels at the southernmost sites. Our study shows that natural sources are a major contributor to carbonaceous aerosol in Europe, even in fall and in winter/spring, and that residential wood burning emissions are equally as large as or larger than that of fossil-fuel sources, depending on season and region. The poorly constrained residential wood burning emissions for large parts of Europe show the obvious need to improve emission inventories, with harmonization of emission factors between countries likely being the most important step to improve model calculations for biomass burning emissions, and European PM2.5 concentrations in general. |
领域 | 地球科学 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000463364000004 |
WOS关键词 | SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL ; RESIDENTIAL WOOD COMBUSTION ; NON-FOSSIL SOURCES ; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT ; ELEMENTAL CARBON ; PARTICULATE MATTER ; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS ; RADIOCARBON MEASUREMENTS ; AGRICULTURAL FIRES ; BURNING EMISSIONS |
WOS类目 | Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/182273 |
专题 | 地球科学 |
作者单位 | 1.NILU Norwegian Inst Air Res, NILU, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway; 2.Norwegian Meteorol Inst, EMEP MSC W, N-0313 Oslo, Norway; 3.Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Space Earth & Environm, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden; 4.Swedish Meteorol & Hydrol Inst, S-60176 Norrkoping, Sweden; 5.MTA PE Air Chem Res Grp, H-8200 Veszprem, Hungary; 6.Univ Bern, Dept Chem & Biochem, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; 7.Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; 8.Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland; 9.Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Ctr Climate & Air Pollut Studies, Ryan Inst, Galway, Ireland; 10.EMPA, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland; 11.Aarhus Univ, Dept Environm Sci, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; 12.CNR, Inst Atmospher Pollut Res, I-00015 Rome, Italy; 13.Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Atmospher Chem, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland; 14.European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy; 15.Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, Dept Atmospher Chem ACD, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany; 16.Czech Hydrometeorol Inst, Air Qual Div, Na Sabatce 17, Prague 14306, Czech Republic |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Yttri, Karl Espen,Simpson, David,Bergstrom, Robert,et al. The EMEP Intensive Measurement Period campaign, 2008-2009: characterizing carbonaceous aerosol at nine rural sites in Europe[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,2019,19(7):4211-4233. |
APA | Yttri, Karl Espen.,Simpson, David.,Bergstrom, Robert.,Kiss, Gyula.,Szidat, Sonke.,...&Aas, Wenche.(2019).The EMEP Intensive Measurement Period campaign, 2008-2009: characterizing carbonaceous aerosol at nine rural sites in Europe.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,19(7),4211-4233. |
MLA | Yttri, Karl Espen,et al."The EMEP Intensive Measurement Period campaign, 2008-2009: characterizing carbonaceous aerosol at nine rural sites in Europe".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 19.7(2019):4211-4233. |
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