Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1007/s00382-018-4413-y |
The cloud-free global energy balance and inferred cloud radiative effects: an assessment based on direct observations and climate models | |
Wild, Martin1; Hakuba, Maria Z.2,3; Folini, Doris1; Dorig-Ott, Patricia1; Schar, Christoph1; Kato, Seiji4; Long, Charles N.5 | |
2019-04-01 | |
发表期刊 | CLIMATE DYNAMICS
![]() |
ISSN | 0930-7575 |
EISSN | 1432-0894 |
出版年 | 2019 |
卷号 | 52页码:4787-4812 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | Switzerland; USA |
英文摘要 | In recent studies we quantified the global mean Earth energy balance based on direct observations from surface and space. Here we infer complementary referenceestimates for its components specifically under cloud-free conditions. While the clear-sky fluxes at the top of atmosphere (TOA) are accurately known from satellite measurements, the corresponding fluxes at the Earth's surface are not equally well established, as they cannot be directly measured from space. This is also evident in 38 global climate models from CMIP5, which are shown to greatly vary in their clear-sky surface radiation budgets. To better constrain the latter, we established new clear-sky reference climatologies of surface downward shortwave and longwave radiative fluxes from worldwide distributed Baseline Surface Radiation Network sites. 33 out of the 38 CMIP5 models overestimate the clear-sky downward shortwave reference climatologies, whereas both substantial overestimations and underestimations are found in the longwave counterparts in some of the models. From the bias structure of the CMIP5 models we infer best estimates for the global mean surface downward clear-sky shortwave and longwave radiation, at 247 and 314 Wm(-2), respectively. With a global mean surface albedo of 13.5% and net shortwave clear-sky flux of 287 Wm(-2) at the TOA this results in a global mean clear-sky surface and atmospheric shortwave absorption of 214 and 73 Wm(-2), respectively. From the newly-established diagrams of the global energy balance under clear-sky and all-sky conditions, we quantify the cloud radiative effects not only at the TOA, but also within the atmosphere and at the surface. |
领域 | 气候变化 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000467187600054 |
WOS关键词 | INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ; SURFACE IRRADIANCES ; SOLAR ABSORPTION ; WATER-VAPOR ; SHORTWAVE ; TOP ; SYSTEM ; PERSPECTIVE ; BUDGETS ; CODES |
WOS类目 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/181924 |
专题 | 气候变化 |
作者单位 | 1.Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland; 2.Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA; 3.CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA; 4.NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 21 Langley Blvd, Hampton, VA 23681 USA; 5.NOAA, ESRL, GMD, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80305 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Wild, Martin,Hakuba, Maria Z.,Folini, Doris,et al. The cloud-free global energy balance and inferred cloud radiative effects: an assessment based on direct observations and climate models[J]. CLIMATE DYNAMICS,2019,52:4787-4812. |
APA | Wild, Martin.,Hakuba, Maria Z..,Folini, Doris.,Dorig-Ott, Patricia.,Schar, Christoph.,...&Long, Charles N..(2019).The cloud-free global energy balance and inferred cloud radiative effects: an assessment based on direct observations and climate models.CLIMATE DYNAMICS,52,4787-4812. |
MLA | Wild, Martin,et al."The cloud-free global energy balance and inferred cloud radiative effects: an assessment based on direct observations and climate models".CLIMATE DYNAMICS 52(2019):4787-4812. |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。
修改评论