Global S&T Development Trend Analysis Platform of Resources and Environment
DOI | 10.1111/gcb.14066 |
Major limitations to achieving "4 per 1000" increases in soil organic carbon stock in temperate regions: Evidence from long-term experiments at Rothamsted Research, United Kingdom | |
Poulton, Paul1; Johnston, Johnny1; Macdonald, Andy1; White, Rodger2; Powlson, David1 | |
2018-06-01 | |
发表期刊 | GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
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ISSN | 1354-1013 |
EISSN | 1365-2486 |
出版年 | 2018 |
卷号 | 24期号:6页码:2563-2584 |
文章类型 | Article |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | England |
英文摘要 | We evaluated the "4 per 1000" initiative for increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) by analysing rates of SOC increase in treatments in 16 long-term experiments in southeast United Kingdom. The initiative sets a goal for SOC stock to increase by 4 parts per thousand per year in the 0-40 cm soil depth, continued over 20 years. Our experiments, on three soil types, provided 114 treatment comparisons over 7-157 years. Treatments included organic additions (incorporated by inversion ploughing), N fertilizers, introducing pasture leys into continuous arable systems, and converting arable land to woodland. In 65% of cases, SOC increases occurred at > 7 parts per thousand per year in the 0-23 cm depth, approximately equivalent to 4 parts per thousand per year in the 0-40 cm depth. In the two longest running experiments (>150 years), annual farmyard manure (FYM) applications at 35 t fresh material per hectare (equivalent to approx. 3.2 t organic C/ha/year) gave SOC increases of 18 parts per thousand and 43 parts per thousand per year in the 23 cm depth during the first 20 years. Increases exceeding 7 parts per thousand per year continued for 40-60 years. In other experiments, with FYM applied at lower rates or not every year, there were increases of 3 parts per thousand-8 parts per thousand per year over several decades. Other treatments gave increases between zero and 19 parts per thousand per year over various periods. We conclude that there are severe limitations to achieving the "4 per 1000" goal in practical agriculture over large areas. The reasons include (1) farmers not having the necessary resources (e.g. insufficient manure); (2) some, though not all, practices favouring SOC already widely adopted; (3) practices uneconomic for farmers-potentially overcome by changes in regulations or subsidies; (4) practices undesirable for global food security. We suggest it is more realistic to promote practices for increasing SOC based on improving soil quality and functioning as small increases can have disproportionately large beneficial impacts, though not necessarily translating into increased crop yield. |
英文关键词 | 4 per 1000 carbon sequestration climate change mitigation long-term experiments management practices organic amendments Rothamsted soil organic carbon |
领域 | 气候变化 ; 资源环境 |
收录类别 | SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000433717700028 |
WOS关键词 | BROADBALK WHEAT EXPERIMENT ; GREENHOUSE-GAS MITIGATION ; CLIMATE-CHANGE MITIGATION ; CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE ; PART 1 ; SEQUESTRATION ; MANAGEMENT ; FERTILIZER ; NITROGEN ; MATTER |
WOS类目 | Biodiversity Conservation ; Ecology ; Environmental Sciences |
WOS研究方向 | Biodiversity & Conservation ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
引用统计 | |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.173/C666/handle/2XK7JSWQ/16602 |
专题 | 气候变化 资源环境科学 |
作者单位 | 1.Rothamsted Res, Dept Sustainable Agr Sci, Harpenden, Herts, England; 2.Rothamsted Res, Dept Computat & Analyt Sci, Harpenden, Herts, England |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Poulton, Paul,Johnston, Johnny,Macdonald, Andy,et al. Major limitations to achieving "4 per 1000" increases in soil organic carbon stock in temperate regions: Evidence from long-term experiments at Rothamsted Research, United Kingdom[J]. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY,2018,24(6):2563-2584. |
APA | Poulton, Paul,Johnston, Johnny,Macdonald, Andy,White, Rodger,&Powlson, David.(2018).Major limitations to achieving "4 per 1000" increases in soil organic carbon stock in temperate regions: Evidence from long-term experiments at Rothamsted Research, United Kingdom.GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY,24(6),2563-2584. |
MLA | Poulton, Paul,et al."Major limitations to achieving "4 per 1000" increases in soil organic carbon stock in temperate regions: Evidence from long-term experiments at Rothamsted Research, United Kingdom".GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 24.6(2018):2563-2584. |
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